Inkomoko yishusho: https://www.cnbc.com/ibibazo/.DXY

Umubare w'amadolari y'Abanyamerika (USDX) ukoreshwa mu kubara igipimo rusange cy'ihinduka ry'idolari rya Amerika ugereranije n'andi mafaranga yatoranijwe kugira ngo bapime urugero rw'imbaraga z'idolari rya Amerika.

Aka gatebo k'ifaranga kagizwe n'amafaranga atandatu y'ingenzi: Euro, Yen Yapani, Pound y'Abongereza, Amadolari y'Abanyakanada, Krona yo muri Suwede na Franc yo mu Busuwisi.

Ubwiyongere bw'igipimo cy'idolari bwerekana ko igipimo cy'idolari n'ifaranga ryavuzwe haruguru cyazamutse, bivuze ko idorari ryashimye kandi ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga mpuzamahanga bikoreshwa mu madorari, bityo ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa bihuye bikagabanuka.

Usibye uruhare rukomeye rwerekanwe n’amadolari mu bucuruzi bw’ivunjisha, umwanya wacyo muri macroeconomic ntugomba kwirengagizwa.

Iha abashoramari igitekerezo cyukuntu amadolari y’Amerika akomeye ku isi, bigira ingaruka ku ishoramari ry’isi yose kandi bikagira ingaruka ku isoko ry’imigabane n’izindi.

Birashobora kuvugwa ko igipimo cy’idolari kigaragaza ubukungu bw’Amerika ndetse n’ikirere cyifashe mu ishoramari, niyo mpamvu ikurikiranwa n’isoko ry’isi.

 

Kuki idorari rikomeza kongera guha agaciro?

Izamuka ryihuse ry’idolari kuva uyu mwaka ryatangiye igihe Banki nkuru y’igihugu yerekanaga - biturutse ku izamuka ry’ubukungu - ko izarwanya ifaranga mu kuzamura inyungu byihuse.

Ibi byateje umurongo wo kugurisha ku isoko ry’imigabane n’amasoko kandi bituma umusaruro w’inguzanyo z’Amerika mu gihe abashoramari bahungiye ku madorari y’Amerika nk'ahantu hizewe, amaherezo bigatuma igipimo cy’idolari kigera ku rwego rutagaragara mu myaka mirongo.

Hamwe na Powell aherutse kuvuga ko "kurwanya ifaranga ridahungabana", benshi ubu biteze ko Fed izakomeza kuzamura igipimo cy’inyungu kugeza mu 2023, aho iherezo rishobora kuba hafi 4%.

Umusaruro ku myaka ibiri y’inguzanyo z’Amerika nawo wanyuze kuri bariyeri ya 3.5% mu cyumweru gishize, urwego rwo hejuru kuva ikibazo cy’imari ku isi cyatangira.

Inkomoko yishusho: https://www.cmegroup.com/ubucuruzi/inyungu-ibikorwa/ibara-kuri-fomc.html

Kugeza ubu, ibiteganijwe ko izamuka ry’amanota 75 fatizo muri Nzeri ryageze kuri 87%, kandi Fed izakomeza kuzamura ibiciro kugira ngo ishishikarize abashoramari kwimura amafaranga mu bihugu aho ibiciro bikiri hasi muri Amerika

Ku rundi ruhande, amayero, igice kinini cy’ibipimo by’idolari, agira ingaruka zikomeye kuri yo, mu gihe ikibazo cy’ingufu mu Burayi cyongeye kwiyongera hamwe n’ihungabana ry’ibicuruzwa biva mu Burusiya bijya mu Burayi.

Ariko kurundi ruhande, amakuru y’imikoreshereze n’akazi muri Amerika yateye imbere neza, kandi ibyago byo guhungabana ni bike, ibyo bigatuma umutungo w’idolari ushakishwa cyane.

Kugeza ubu, birasa nkaho politiki yo kuzamura igipimo cya Federasiyo isa n’umwambi uri ku muheto, ibintu mu Burusiya na Ukraine ntibishobora guhinduka mu gihe gito, amadolari ashobora gukomeza umuvuduko ukomeye, ndetse bikaba biteganijwe ko kurenga hejuru ya 115.

 

Ni ubuhe buryo buterwa no guta agaciro k'ifaranga?

Kwiyongera kw'idolari rya Amerika byatumye habaho guta agaciro muri rusange kw'ifaranga ry'ubukungu bukomeye ku isi, aho ivunjisha ry'amafaranga ritigeze risigara.

Guhera ku ya 8 Nzeri, igipimo cy’ivunjisha ry’ifaranga ryamanutseho 3,2 ku ijana mu kwezi kugera kuri 6.9371, kandi benshi batinya ko gishobora kuba munsi y’urwego 7 rukomeye.

Inkomoko yishusho: https://www.cnbc.com/ibibazo/CNY=

Mu rwego rwo koroshya igitutu cy’ifaranga ritakaza agaciro, banki nkuru y’Ubushinwa nayo yagabanije igipimo cy’inguzanyo zisabwa mu kubitsa amafaranga y’amahanga - kuva kuri 8 ku ijana kugeza kuri 6%.

Muri rusange, guta agaciro kw'ivunjisha kuzamura ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, ariko kandi biganisha ku guta agaciro k'umutungo ugaragara mu ifaranga ryaho - guta agaciro k'ifaranga bituma kugabanuka k'umutungo.

Kugabanya umutungo ntabwo ari byiza mu ishoramari, kandi amafaranga ari kuri konti yabatunzi azagabanuka hamwe nabo.

Kugirango ubungabunge agaciro k'amafaranga kuri konti zabo, gushaka ishoramari mumahanga byabaye inzira ikunzwe cyane kubantu benshi bafite agaciro gakomeye kugirango babungabunge agaciro k'amafaranga bariho.

Kuri iki cyiciro, iyo ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa bugifite intege nke, amafaranga y’ifaranga arata agaciro kandi USD irashimira cyane, gushora imari mu mutungo utimukanwa w’Amerika birahinduka uruzitiro ku bantu benshi.

Nk’uko byatangajwe na NAR, abaguzi b'Abashinwa baguze miliyari 6.1 z'amadolari (cyangwa arenga miliyari 40 z'amafaranga y'u Rwanda) afite agaciro k’imitungo itimukanwa yo muri Amerika umwaka ushize, biyongeraho 27% ugereranije n’umwaka ushize.

Mu gihe kirekire, inzira igenda itera imbere ku bashoramari b'Abashinwa ni ukongera igipimo cyo kugabana umutungo mu mahanga.

 

Ku isoko ryinguzanyo, ibi birashoboka kuzana andi mahirwe mashya nibishoboka.