Ubuhanzi bwo Gutegereza ：
Federasiyo ya “Amayeri” atandukanye
05/10/2022
"Nzi ko utekereza ko usobanukiwe nibyo watekerezaga ko navuze ariko sinzi neza ko uzi ko ibyo wumvise atari byo nashakaga kuvuga."- Alan Greenspan
Igihe kimwe, Umuyobozi wa Banki nkuru y’igihugu, Alan Greenspan, yasobanuye politiki y’ifaranga mu mukino wo gukeka.
Intambwe ntoya yiyi czar yubukungu yahindutse barometero yubukungu bwisi yose yicyo gihe.
Icyakora, ikibazo cy’inguzanyo ya Subprime nticyagize ingaruka ku bukungu bw’Amerika gusa, ahubwo cyanatumye isoko yumva itanyuzwe cyane n’umukino wo gukeka wa Federasiyo.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, Umuyobozi mushya wa Banki nkuru y’igihugu, Berknan yigiye kuri ayo makosa maze buhoro buhoro atangira gukoresha uburyo bwo “gutegereza” kandi akomeza gutera imbere.
Kugeza ubu, kubijyanye niyi gahunda yubuyobozi bwo gutegereza, Fed yakinnye neza.
Ku wa gatatu, Fed yatangaje icyemezo cy’inyungu iheruka, itangaza ko izamuka ry’amanota 50, kandi rizatangira kugabanya impapuro zishyirwaho muri Kamena.
Kuri politiki ya Federasiyo ikomeye yo gukaza umurego, igisubizo cyisoko gisa nkicyizere cyane, nukumva ko isoko ryakozwe mumakuru mabi.
S&P 500 yibasiwe n’inyungu nini y’umunsi umwe mu gihe cyumwaka umwe, kandi imyaka 10 y’Amerika muri Amerika nayo yagabanutse nyuma yo gukubita 3%, rimwe igera kuri 2,91%.
Dukurikije imyumvire isanzwe, Fed yatangaje ko izamuka ry’ibiciro, ariryo ryagabanije amafaranga, isoko ry’imigabane ryagira igabanuka runaka, kandi birumvikana ko inguzanyo z’Amerika nazo zigomba kuzamuka mu gusubiza.Ariko, ni ukubera iki hariho reaction itandukanye n'ibiteganijwe?
Ni ukubera ko isoko ryaguzwe byuzuye mubikorwa bya Federasiyo (Igiciro-in) kandi byatanze igisubizo hakiri kare.Byose tubikesha ubuyobozi buteganijwe na Federasiyo - bakora inama zinyungu za buri kwezi mbere yuko izamuka ryibiciro.Mbere yinama, bavugana kenshi kandi kenshi nisoko kugirango bagaragaze ibiteganijwe mubukungu, bigatuma isoko ryemera impinduka muri politiki yifaranga.
Mubyukuri, nko mu mpera z'umwaka ushize, nyuma yuko Perezida wa Federasiyo ya Powell yongeye gushyirwaho, yahinduye uburyo bwa mbere bw'inuma maze aba umunyamahane.
Muri Federasiyo "imicungire y'ibiteganijwe", ibyifuzo by'isoko byahindutse bivuye niba hazabaho kugabanuka niba hazabaho izamuka ry’ibiciro, kandi ryiyongera kuva ku ngingo 25 zifatizo kugera ku ngingo 50 zifatizo.Bitewe no kwikinisha kenshi, kwiyongera kwinzangano amaherezo byaje kugera ku ngingo 75 zifatizo.Ubwanyuma, "amashyaka yinuma" ya Federasiyo yazamuye ibiciro amanota 50 shingiro.
Ugereranije n amanota 25 yibanze, amanota 50 shingiro wongeyeho gahunda iri imbere yo kugabanya ameza ntagushidikanya.Hanyuma, ibisubizo byabaye "mubiteganijwe" kubera ko Fed yari yitezeho amanota 75 shingiro.
Byongeye kandi, ijambo rya Powell ryanagaragaje ko bishoboka ko izamuka ry’inyungu ryiyongera, bigatuma iterambere ryiyongera ku myumvire y’isoko no kugabanya impungenge ziterwa no gukaza umurego.
Binyuze mu gusohora hakiri kare “ibimenyetso bya hawkish”, Banki nkuru y’igihugu ikora imicungire y’ibiteganijwe, ntabwo yihutisha umuvuduko ukabije, ahubwo inatuza isoko, ku buryo ingaruka za “Boots kugwa” amaherezo zizagaragara, bityo bikaba kumara igihe cyinzibacyuho ya politiki neza kandi ushikamye.
Gusobanukirwa ubuhanga bwa Federasiyo yo gutegereza, ntitugomba guhagarika umutima cyane mugihe igipimo kizamutse.Byakagombye kumenyekana ko ibintu biteye ubwoba bitazabaho mbere yuko igipimo kiva kumurongo wo hejuru.Isoko rishobora kuba rimaze gusogongera "ibiteganijwe" ndetse rikanagerwaho n'ingaruka zo kuzamuka kw'ibiciro mbere y'igihe.
Nubwo ibyateganijwe ari byiza gute, ntibishobora guhisha ko Fed ikiri munzira ya politiki ikarishye y’ifaranga;ni ukuvuga, niba igipimo cyikigega cyangwa igipimo cyinguzanyo kizamuka, biragoye kubona aho ihindagurika mugihe gito.
Ubutumwa bw'ingenzi ni uko amakuru yo guta agaciro muri Mata azashyirwa ahagaragara mu cyumweru gitaha;niba amakuru yifaranga asubiye inyuma, Federasiyo irashobora kugabanya umuvuduko wizamuka ryinyungu.
Mu mezi ari imbere, Federasiyo irashobora gusubiramo amayeri amwe, yemerera isoko gusya mbere binyuze mubuyobozi buteganijwe.Tugomba gufunga ibiciro biri hasi yinyungu byihuse;nkuko umugani wa kera ubivuga, inyoni mu ntoki ifite agaciro kinyoni ebyiri mwishyamba.
Ibyavuzwe haruguru birashobora kuvunagurwa ninteruro mu bucuruzi: Gura ibihuha, kugurisha amakuru.
Itangazo: Iyi ngingo yahinduwe na AAA LENDINGS;amwe mumashusho yakuwe kuri enterineti, umwanya wurubuga ntuhagarariwe kandi ntushobora gusubirwamo nta ruhushya.Hariho ingaruka ku isoko kandi ishoramari rigomba kwitonda.Iyi ngingo ntabwo igizwe ninama zishoramari kugiti cye, kandi ntizita ku ntego zihariye zishoramari, uko ubukungu bwifashe cyangwa ibikenerwa nabakoresha kugiti cyabo.Abakoresha bagomba gusuzuma niba ibitekerezo, ibitekerezo cyangwa imyanzuro ikubiye hano ihuye nibibazo byabo.Shora ukurikije ingaruka zawe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-10-2022